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Monday, April 18, 2011

Critique of a Public Space - Eastview Mall, Victor NY

I chose a local mall for my final assignment and blog entry for this course in Information Design. I live in a city where we have no less than 3 large malls within a 20 mile radius. Out of the 3 locations to choose from, I selected Eastview Mall in Victor NY for the topic of my evaluation. The indoor shopping center contains more than 180 stores, valet parking at the main entrance, and quality restaurant selection. There is also bus service available to NYC from this Mall and travellers can leave their cars overnight when visiting NYC.

My analysis began as I approached the main mall entrance. The surrounding structures are home to the numerous restaurants that create a high-end environment for this shopping center. At least 4 upscale restaurants are attached to the front part of the mall.



Once you walk in the main entrance, the architecture is very appealing. The decor is very modern. The colors, style and textures reflect an upscale atmosphere. At this point I started to assess the signage and displays. Note the free-standing portable sign at the bottom center of the photo. These types of sign systems can be found throughout the mall. Although they are effective in that they can be moved to different locations and that the cardboard inserts can easily be swapped out, they are of lower quality and seem out of place.



In chapter 7 of Information Design, Screven suggests that planning and designing of signage for areas like malls are meant to "...affect people's actions, attitudes, preconceptions, and/or comprehension. Their purpose is to encourage self-directed people to focus on and retain messages in which they may or may not be interested initially." (Jacobson, 134-135). It was with this in mind that I began to navigate the environment with no specific purpose except to absorb the information I saw as I made my way through the building.


I found my way to a kiosk that had a map of the mall inside a rear-lit lightbox display. I was glad to see the map was color-coded and the legend was easy to follow, but the background graphic/photography seemed very distracting and un-necessary.



I wandered the mall perimeter taking notice of how the store signage was mostly difficult to see until you faced the store you wanted to go to head on. Some of the methods of sign display were the use of cut out 3D letters, rear-lit graphics, or simple vinyl lettering applied to a wall or surface. Notice the Sears sign in the photograph below is no longer illuminated... making me wonder if the sign is simply "out" or if Sears is no longer an anchor store in this building?



In contrast to the information presented in the Jacobson text regarding sign-posting, most signs above the store entrances seemed to be displayed with creativity and consideration for the surrounding architecture. There appeared to be no conflict between what the architect had planned and what the designers intended for the space usage as discussed by Passini on page 95 of Information Design "Architects often see signage as a necessary evil... Graphic designers complain that they are not involved in the design of wayfinding support". In this economy where stores seem to come and go from these types of malls on a month to month basis, it is no wonder that the allotted spots designated for each company's logo or brand trade-mark are similar from store to store.


On a few occasions I found some signs that stuck out from the sides of the stores. I made note of this display method to be sure to point out how effective I thought it was. Even though the signs weren't back-lit or even made to look 3D, they seemed to be easier to notice and made it a lot more convenient to look down a long hallway and see a sign like this promoting a store entrance or a sale of some sorts. It reminded me of the airport signage from the Bureau Mijksenaar case study in our Information Design Workbook (Baer, 206).


Notice how the Banana Republic, Buckle, Rite Aid and even the Kiosk signs stick out


One store in particular caught my attention as I made my way through the sprawling complex. The Justice store which caters to young pre-teen girls was easily the most eye-catching and audience appropriate design that I came across. The choice of colors, typography, graphics and product placement was perfect for the intended customer. Even the music playing as you walked by made it clear that the store targeted a younger generation.


Other stores had typical window displays that showcased the latest in spring-time fashion, or the hottest new gadgets or sale items. These are effective strategies businesses use to to get customers to come into their stores. Many times the product will be on display along with some form of signage or visual element (not always a price or percentage of savings), but sometimes a clever tag line or thought-provoking comment is used that makes people believe they need the product... or that they shouldn't pass up such a good deal. Such verbiage as "Act Now", "iPad2 is HERE!", and "Limited Time Offer" is meant to engage the customer before they even enter the store... or better yet, stop them from walking away and passing up a bargain or two.


A rather disappointing find was when I reached the food court area, I noticed a series of columns positioned in such a way that it made it difficult to read the names of the food vendors without making your way through the crowds waiting in line to buy their meals. Even though the food court area was large enough to accommodate many shoppers, the design of the overall space seemed neglected and that the signage was an after-thought.


A few other areas also seemed to suffer from a lack of proper signage and/or displays.


What is down this corridor? - Note the banner on the partial wall.


Overall, the mall had a variety of high-quality and well-thought-out design strategies. Some of the neglected areas of the mall contained less than ideal displays and signage, but I attribute that to the "low-rent" / "low-traffic" areas. A few of the more trendy logos on the store entrances could stand to be treated in a different manner so that they are easier to read, or stand out a bit more. Sometimes the cut-out effects or the thin 3D letters were difficult to read unless you stand directly in front of a store entrance. Other stores may only have an icon or a symbol (i.e. Apple store) in which case customers need to be aware of the company brand or at the very least the product the store sells. Kudos to the stores that started to utilize the old village shop hanging sign approach... which definitely made it easier to see a store from farther away.

When I finished up my research I asked my friend who I went with if she had any complaints about the mall. Her comments were mostly of the nature of being dis-satisfied with the parking and lack of signage on the outside of the mall to direct customers to an entrance closer to the shop(s) they wish to visit. I think an effective study to better understand how to improve the overall shopping experience would be to interview customers at various locations throughout the building. Possibly as they enter or leave through a main entrance, or in the food court area. Audience feedback would be a great starting point for future improvements.


Works Cited:


Baer, Kim, and Vacarra, Jill (CON). Information Design Workbook: Graphic Approaches, Solutions, and Inspiration + 30 Case Studies. Rockport Pub, 2010. Print.


Jacobson, Robert Information Design The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. Print.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastview_Mall

Tuesday, April 5, 2011

Design for Mobile Devices


Throughout this course I have hinted at possible scenarios and projects that would benefit from being shared on a mobile device. I feel this is an important topic to discuss as Mobile Technology is growing at a rapid pace. Design and interaction with these devices is crucial to delivering content to on-the-go users. I admit that I am new to the mobile scene. I do not own a smart phone. I do however have a couple of Apple products that include an iPod touch and an iPad. These devices are multi-media gadgets that deliver information and entertainment in ways that desktop computers and laptops simply cannot. Aside form the portability factor, these devices are fast and powerful. To simply check and respond to my email during my day, I tend to reach for either of those Apple products instead of making my way to the computer room and logging into my account on my desktop PC.


Content is delivered to these devices in the form of Apps (short for Applications). These Apps are pieces of software designed to run on portable platforms. They are cheap to buy and there are countless numbers of Apps available for almost anything you can imagine (There's an App for that)! Photo editing, games, daily planners, word processing, music, and so much more.


Graphic From: http://touchmeme.wordpress.com/2010/04/


I chose this blogger template not only for the simplicity of it's design and the ease of use it provides me, but I also noticed within the HTML and CSS code there was a mobile section which I assumed would re-create the layout on mobile devices. I tested it and found that the page does indeed display, but not in a "mobile friendly" way. Design for mobile devices tends to be different than design for typical computer displays. Mobile devices have smaller screens therefore they demand that content be presented in a streamlined fashion. Ease of use and fast downloads are a must considering people rely on their portable devices to add convenience to their lives by saving them time. The bottom line is, it is no longer acceptable to have a full website display on your mobile device. That is where "mobile friendly" design comes in.


I am capable of creating a mobile version of websites and I'm sure I could have figured out how to modify the source code of this blog (or turn the mobile features on) to allow the content I post to be presented better on an iPod touch or smart phone. I instead chose to research tools online that would basically pull in the posts as "feeds" and re-style it to better display on portable devices. One such tool I found is: http://mobstac.com/. This site offered a free basic account for blogs with some required ads and limited page views. I chose this to apply this solution as a learning tool and reference to my post as I don't have the extra cash to spend on a monthly subscription. I think readers of my blog will still get the general idea.


I was guided through the steps of signing up for the free account and I was amazed at how easy the entire process was. In moments I had entered in some information and linked my blog to their service. They even provided me with a screen-shot to show me what my blog would look like when displayed on an iPhone!



I will need to do more testing and research to verify that when a mobile device loads this blog, the mobile version of the site gets displayed. If for some reason it does not, I have included a link at the top of the right hand side column to access this content. This was also intentional to satisfy the requirement of the module to have visible examples of the tool show up in the blog.


Design and development for mobile devices is not something that can be fully summed up and understood in just one class module. However, I have been able to showcase how powerful these tools can be by simply implementing an easy mobile friendly add-on to this blog.

Monday, March 21, 2011

Social Media Tools

Social Media is everywhere. Sites and tools like Facebook, Twitter, Flickr and YouTube connect people together and present content in ways that enhance online experiences. Facebook alone has over 500 million active members! That is a LOT of people. Many people and businesses have caught on to the power of Social Networking and utilize these Social Media sites as marketing tools. It's very easy and more cost effective to communicate information in the way of promotions, events, contests, special offers, and so much more through the use of online resources. In these times, if you aren't using Social Media... even for personal use... you are missing out!

Here is an example: A company that sells a product can set up Social Media to enhance their business by showing product photography in a Flickr account. They can link that Flickr site to their Facebook page so that anytime they upload new product shots to Flickr, Facebook will automatically create a post that shows the new photos were uploaded. They can set up a YouTube page to show video clips of their products being assembled or better yet... show them being used by customers. The company can utilize a Twitter news feed on their corporate website so that anytime they make a Tweet, their website updates to show that information. Facebook itself can even be used to offer special promotions and discounts to friends and fans of the company page. The possibilities are endless!


Some excellent examples of Social Media enhancement can be found here: (please note: I am not responsible for the nature of the content found on these sites)


http://www.facebook.com/mountaindew - Notice the landing page tabs on the left side link to some specialized/custom pages and content as well as YouTube videos!


http://www.youtube.com/user/animalplanettv?blend=1&ob=4 - Note how the site layout is customized and includes special features not found in typical user accounts. You need to have many followers in order to "unlock" these specialized options.


For this assignment I have updated my blog to include various Social Media applications that I use to promote myself and showcase my work. I use Facebook and Flickr as online portfolios for some of my designs and photography. I added these "widgets" to my blog layout with the Flickr feed showing up on the right side and a link to my Facebook page on the left. I also added a Search bar to the top my blog. These were easy tools to add within the blog environment which will enhance the user experience... and hopefully drive more traffic to my online Social Media accounts. Feel free to "like" my page and friend me!

Wednesday, March 9, 2011

The Process of Information Design

The process of Information Design is quite familiar to me due to one of my previous jobs having set in place a number of the steps described in the Information Design Workbook. I had not been exposed to the level of organization that the process provides up until that point in my career. It was like a breath of fresh air to me as I quickly embraced the steps and the detailed information that I was provided due to the successful implementation of the process.

Step 1 – Requirements Gathering

What does the audience need to know and why do they need to know it?” – (Baer 36)

As a web designer it was (and still is) my job to gather requirements for making client web sites not only look good, but also function properly and make it easy for users and customers to easily navigate the site and get to the information they want to see. The first step taken is to send the client a concept questionnaire. This is a document that asked the Who, What, When, Where, Why and How questions in such a way that helps lead the conversations I would have with the client at a later time. I helped to write the questions in that document as I needed to have specific answers prior to meeting the client for the first time. It is a delicate balance of asking the proper questions, but also not making it too cumbersome so that the clients don’t want to fill it out. The previous questionnaire asked 4-5 pages of questions and most of the time the documents came back partially filled out which made the initial client meeting much longer and more confusing than it needed to be.

View a generic concept questionnaire here. A PDF reader is required.

Step 2 – Project Information

The creative brief acts as a single point of communication to ensure that everyone is on the same page as the project moves forward.” – (Baer 52)

Once the client meeting happened, the project manager would write up a “to-do” list. Looking back on it now, I guess that was considered to be the creative brief as it was sent to myself, the client, and anyone else who had action items to take care of before the next client meeting. The “to-do” list also made reference to important information that needed to be remembered but wasn’t necessarily a top priority. The overall design phase started after the initial client meeting and many times development and coding questions were brought up that weren’t appropriate for the creative part of the project.

Step 3 – Persona and Scenarios

… creating personas (sometimes also referred to as user profiles) is an easy and fun way yo walk a mile in the shoes of your users.” – (Baer 58)

During the design phase, I was to act as a user to the web site I was creating. Many of the design decisions I made were based off the answers the client gave in the concept questionnaire and the data gathered from the first client meeting. One of the most important questions asked was “Who is your target audience?”. I needed to design a layout that appealed mainly to that selected group of people. I needed to understand the purpose of the site and how best to design the content for it. Was it a site meant to sell something? Was it a site asking for donations? What are the most important elements of the site? What sort of imagery is necessary to convey the overall message of the site? It was my job to get into the minds of the users and customers to come up with a layout that made sense and was easy to navigate.

Step 4 – Prototype

Make your testing prototypes look enough like the final product so it’s clear to users that it’s a website or even a subway map.” – (Baer 82)

The final step of the Information Design process is coming up with a prototype. In my situation, the prototype is the artwork I create for the site. I would mock up a complete website template layout in Adobe Photoshop that showed the home page (and possibly inside page) layout with navigation, banner images, content, functionality, specific components, etc. This would not be a working website, but rather a static image (or images) for the client to view the layout, color and image choices, positioning of the various elements, and overall look and feel of the site. Often times there would be revisions I would have to make, but mostly those revisions were minor due to the fact that the information gathering process occurred at such a detailed level.

I am firm believer in this process as I have worked at jobs that did not utilize any organized form of information gathering. This makes for a confusing project and many times creates more work than what is necessary. I think having a general overall process that is well defined and flexible enough would allow anybody to make adjustments to fit their needs. In my case, a full blown creative brief wasn’t necessary as we already had the concept questionnaire filled out by the client that served as a backbone for the overall project. The creative brief for me was more a project management task that allocated responsibilities to various people at different stages of the project. For another company, the creative brief may be more substantial and perhaps the need for the concept questionnaire isn’t there. It is difficult to say whether or not more steps should be added to the overall process. I would argue keeping it at only a few steps as to not overly complicate the process. I do prefer having constant updates to the project rather than a one-time creative brief write-up. I think clients tend to change their minds a lot during the project life-cycle and documenting changes in a creative brief may or may not be the best choice. In my experience, different people prefer being updated in different ways and simple changes and updates documented in a 2-10 page creative brief may not be the best choice to get the message to the appropriate people.

For my Information Design blog I applied some of the process steps mentioned above. I realized the information in this blog pertains to a select group of people, classmates and instructors, so I chose to design the layout with that in mind. The imagery I created shows the books we are using for this class. The blog title and description clearly identifies the blog as an academic resource. I did set up a few other blog templates before I chose the one that is active now. This was a prototype step in that I wanted to make sure all the proper information was displayed in such a way that it was easy to navigate and maintain. Certain templates I chose originally did not satisfy that requirement in my opinion. Since I am a student in this class therefore I am the typical user or site visitor so that takes care of the persona requirement.

Please feel free to provide comments and feedback about my blog and how it applies to the process outlined in our reading material.

Works cited:
Baer, Kim - Information Design Workbook, Brockport Publishers, 2008

Monday, February 21, 2011

The Wayfinding Theory of Information Design

Wayfinding is a particularly effective theory of information design. In the Jacobson text, Passini provides examples of wayfinding as more physical navigation… or moving people from one location to another… “-the design of information for helping people find their way around in complex settings.” – Passini p.84. Even though accomplishing this with the use of signs and maps would seem logical, Passini cautions that “…the objective of information design for wayfinding is not to design signs but to help people move efficiently to their chosen destinations.” Passini p.87. There is a clear distinction between graphic design and information design in the article. According to Passini, the role of the graphic designer is almost reduced to simply making something look good. It has been my experience over 16 years working as a graphic designer that more thought goes into graphic design than what one might think. “Graphic design over the last few decades has tended to emphasize appearance and give expression to certain contemporary aesthetic values… Information design, on the other hand emphasizes communication and is as concerned with content as with form.” Passini p.85

One of the pitfalls I see for wayfinding is something I am reminded of everyday as I drive to work. The expressway I take has an overhead electronic sign that alerts drivers to hazards, accidents, construction, etc.

Most of the time (95%) the sign is “off”… meaning there are no messages being displayed. The other 5% of the time, when there is a message, it is often over-looked for the simple fact that drivers tend to assume there will be no message, so they don’t bother looking at the sign everyday. Another downfall of this type of wayfinding device is that it is stationary. Let’s say there was an accident 10 miles up the road, but yet traffic is flowing smoothly at the point where the sign is located. If the message alerting drivers to the accident is lengthy, most of the information will be missed as motorists zoom by without reading the sign only to get frustrated when they reach the traffic jam closer to the accident. A more effective solution would be a mobile electronic sign.


The advantages of this type of device are that it would create a new visual element in a location where it wasn’t seen before. Something new tends to stick out in the familiarity of day to day life. Also, positioning this sign closer to a construction zone where traffic would tend to be slower would give drivers a chance to read the information. On the other hand, positioning the sign further back down the road, would also give drivers a chance to find an alternate route and avoid a potential rush hour slow down.

Wayfinding can also be implemented online as there are many similarities between physical navigation and website navigation. It is always my goal when I create web sites that the layouts are not only well designed but also easy to get around. There are a number of “rules” to follow in web site design. Navigation or links to other pages in the site are usually found at or near the top and can be either displayed horizontally or vertically. Bread-crumb navigation is often used in larger sites with many layers of page levels to help a user get back to a particular page they were just visiting, or to see how they got to a location on the site.

This blog is also an example of this theory. Although blog navigation is unique to the world wide web in that it catalogs and archives posts and entries, it is still the responsibility of the designer (or blog creator) to provide properly labeled post titles and other information that will allow the readers of the blog to gain access to the information they want to find out about. Even though best practices can be followed in creating online content, Passini states that “The ways people read and understand messages vary with the task and the individual.” Passini p.86. Nothing is truer than that statement. I am in agreement when I find that certain age and societal backgrounds of individuals “make responses to information more complex”. Passini p. 86. I do my best to ensure I meet the requirements of not only the customer but the expectations of the end users as well. After all, you can have the best looking site (or blog) online, but what good is it if no one can find the information they are looking for?

Works cited:
Jacobson, Robert Information Design The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999

http://media.mlive.com/kzgazette_impact/photo/0239513-2jpg-07644ff73a5eb061.jpg

http://matchbin-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/public/sites/624/assets/traffic_sign_01.jpg

Thursday, January 20, 2011

What is Information Design?

I've witnessed a number of changes in the Graphic Design world over the years... some of them have been minor, others are more significant. With how fast technology evolves it's obvious new definitions will come into play for previous (and as of yet undefined) theories and disciplines. In the job search arena alone, I have noticed a drastic shift from Graphic Designer positions to User Interface Designers or User Experience Designers and so on. New titles and names are being created to specify a more targeted audience.

It seems obvious that all these new terms, positions, and theories would be under the umbrella of a broader topic. This is where I think Information Design comes in. I have been thinking about this topic ever since I saw this class listed online. What exactly is Information Design? I never see a job posting for an Information Designer. The more I thought about it, the more I came to realize that it must be an all-encompassing "catch-phrase" (so to speak) for all the disciplines of organizing information (or data). So... Graphic Design, User Experience, User Interface, Information Architecture, Interaction Design... all fall under this Information Design category.

I admit it. I'm skeptical. Does it really make sense to add another level of complexity to an already complicated world? Or, is this more of an attempt to better categorize an ever growing flow of data that needs organizing? I'm hoping by the end of this course to have a better understanding of this topic. More so, I hope to learn techniques, procedures and work-flows that will help me do my job better. I hope to come away from this with new ideas and more tools in my arsenal to be more prepared to tackle new projects that come my way.